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Ἑλλάς

IHellas

800 BCE — 146 BCE · The lyre and the agora
Table of contents7 works
  1. 750 BCEIliadHomer
  2. 700 BCETheogonyHesiod
  3. 590 BCEFragmentsSappho
  4. 430 BCEHistoriesHerodotus
  5. 375 BCERepublicPlato
  6. 340 BCENicomachean EthicsAristotle
  7. 300 BCEElementsEuclid
Exekias, Dionysus Cup, c. 530 BCE
SPQR

IIRoma

509 BCE — 476 CE · An empire of letters and law
Table of contents7 works
  1. 55 BCEDe Rerum NaturaLucretius
  2. 19 BCEAeneidVirgil
  3. 8 CEMetamorphosesOvid
  4. 95 CEInstitutio OratoriaQuintilian
  5. 175 CEMeditationsMarcus Aurelius
  6. 270 CEEnneadsPlotinus
  7. 397 CEConfessionsAugustine of Hippo
Thomas Cole, The Consummation of Empire, 1836
Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων

IByzantium

330 CE — 1453 CE · Gold ground, unbroken Greek
Table of contents4 works
  1. 551 CEWars of JustinianProcopius
  2. 845 CEBibliothecaPhotios
  3. 1148 CEAlexiadAnna Komnene
  4. 1338 CETriadsGregory Palamas
Deësis mosaic, Hagia Sophia, c. 1261
Christianitas

IILatin Christendom

476 CE — 1450 CE · The cloister and the quill
Table of contents6 works
  1. 524 CEThe Consolation of PhilosophyBoethius
  2. 625 CEEtymologiaeIsidore of Seville
  3. 1000 CEBeowulfAnonymous
  4. 1274 CESumma TheologiaeThomas Aquinas
  5. 1320 CEDivina CommediaDante Alighieri
  6. 1390 CEThe Canterbury TalesGeoffrey Chaucer
Limbourg brothers, Très Riches Heures, c. 1415
دار العلم

IIIThe Islamicate World

622 CE — 1258 CE · The house of wisdom
Table of contents5 works
  1. 820 CEKitāb al-Jabral-Khwārizmī
  2. 850 CEOn First Philosophyal-Kindī
  3. 1021 CEBook of OpticsIbn al-Haytham
  4. 1025 CEThe Canon of MedicineAvicenna (Ibn Sīnā)
  5. 1190 CEGuide for the PerplexedMaimonides
Yaḥyā al-Wāsiṭī, Maqāmāt of al-Ḥarīrī, 1237
La Rinascita

IIIThe Renaissance

1350 CE — 1600 CE · Antiquity, reborn in print
Table of contents5 works
  1. 1353 CEDecameronGiovanni Boccaccio
  2. 1471 CECorpus HermeticumMarsilio Ficino (tr.)
  3. 1532 CEIl PrincipeNiccolò Machiavelli
  4. 1543 CEDe RevolutionibusNicolaus Copernicus
  5. 1580 CEEssaisMichel de Montaigne
Raphael, The School of Athens (detail), 1511
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Archaic
750 BCEIliad — Homer700 BCETheogony — Hesiod590 BCEFragments — Sappho
Classical
430 BCEHistories — Herodotus375 BCERepublic — Plato340 BCENicomachean Ethics — Aristotle300 BCEElements — Euclid55 BCEDe Rerum Natura — Lucretius
Imperial
19 BCEAeneid — Virgil8 CEMetamorphoses — Ovid95 CEInstitutio Oratoria — Quintilian175 CEMeditations — Marcus Aurelius270 CEEnneads — Plotinus
Late Antique
397 CEConfessions — Augustine of Hippo524 CEThe Consolation of Philosophy — Boethius551 CEWars of Justinian — Procopius625 CEEtymologiae — Isidore of Seville
Medieval
820 CEKitāb al-Jabr — al-Khwārizmī845 CEBibliotheca — Photios850 CEOn First Philosophy — al-Kindī1000 CEBeowulf — Anonymous1021 CEBook of Optics — Ibn al-Haytham1025 CEThe Canon of Medicine — Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā)1148 CEAlexiad — Anna Komnene1190 CEGuide for the Perplexed — Maimonides1274 CESumma Theologiae — Thomas Aquinas1320 CEDivina Commedia — Dante Alighieri1338 CETriads — Gregory Palamas
Renaissance
1353 CEDecameron — Giovanni Boccaccio1390 CEThe Canterbury Tales — Geoffrey Chaucer1471 CECorpus Hermeticum — Marsilio Ficino (tr.)1532 CEIl Principe — Niccolò Machiavelli1543 CEDe Revolutionibus — Nicolaus Copernicus1580 CEEssais — Michel de Montaigne